Towed streamer EM - Resistivity in context

Controlled Source Electromagnetic (CSEM) data acquisition systems have historically been based on the seafloor node method. Receiver nodes are deployed on the seabed and record data generated from an EM dipole source towed behind a vessel. Such a method is inherently inefficient and in order to improve the cost-effectiveness of acquisition, a sparse grid of nodes is generally used. This lack of data density can adversely affect the quality and resolution of the final data. It was these challenges, alongside PGS' pioneering attitude and expertise in high tech marine engineering which inspired the development of a Towed Streamer EM system.