Technical Library

Imaging artifacts caused by strong internal multiples can interfere with primary images, affecting structural interpretation and amplitude analysis. In such cases, internal multiples are often...

When a seismic wave propagates in the subsurface of the earth, its energy can be attenuated. This has a negative influence on both the amplitude and the phase of an image, especially when a...

Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) utilizes refractions and reflections to improve the accuracy and resolution of the earth subsurface models. The use of refractions is limited by the maximum offset of...

To obtain a permit for any seismic survey it is often necessary to demonstrate the potential impact of seismic sources on any marine mammals present in the survey area. This is called environmental...

Understanding the elastic properties of reservoirs in exploration can be very challenging - due mainly to the lack of well information, limited regional geological understanding, and the quality and...

Velocity model building for seismic imaging is commonly performed with tomography and full wave inversion (FWI). Both techniques are time consuming and need significant human intervention. Machine...

Swell noise attenuation is an important part of a seismic processing flow and is often subject to extensive testing. The optimal parameters will often not only vary between surveys, but also within a...

In this paper we discuss the results from a shallow water 2D field test that PGS acquired in the autumn of 2019 offshore Malaysia using the continuous wavefields method. The primary purpose of this...

A 500 km2 proof-of-concept project in deep-water Canada demonstrated the benefits of combining recently acquired multisensor streamer data and new imaging technologies to produce a detailed velocity...

The Viking Graben is a mature exploration area on the Norwegian Continental Shelf that still suffers from illumination and resolution challenges that reprocessing alone cannot solve. In the following...