On Broadband Data and Rough Sea Surface Receiver Deghosting

Efficient removal of the ghosts is key to achieving broadband seismic data. Accurate deghosting on the receiver-side can only be performed when both pressure and vertical particle velocity information is available. We use acoustic reciprocity to derive a relationship that defines the total pressure wavefield as a function of the up-going pressure wavefield and the ghost function. Utilizing this relationship, and assuming the shape of the sea surface is known, we propose a pre-stack deghosting method based on integral inversion for a pressure-only dataset. Deghosting by spectral division with a flat sea surface or a statistical ghost function is shown to be special cases of this new inversion based method. The behavior of the pressure ghost function under rough sea condition is analysed in comparison to the flat and the statistical pressure ghost functions. The error of deghosting rough sea pressure-only data with a flat sea surface or a statistical ghost function is quantified using both synthetic and real seismic data.